The Association of Toddler-Aged Children's Social Development with Parents' Educational Background and Family Income

Abstract

A toddler's ability to interact with others and adjust to their surroundings is greatly influenced by their social development. Family characteristics are important in this process, especially the income and educational attainment of the parents. The aim of this study was to ascertain how the social development of toddler-aged children was correlated with the income and educational attainment of their parents. The PICO framework and databases like PubMed and Google Scholar were used in this study's literature review methodology. According to inclusion criteria, articles published between 2015 and 2023 that examined the relationship between parental income and education and the social development of children ages 1-3 were reviewed. Two studies reported non-significant results, while nine of the eleven qualified papers demonstrated a substantial association between parents' income and education and their children's social development. The results show that through better parenting and proper meeting of developmental needs, higher education and suitable income levels promote toddlers' optimal social stimulation.